Secondary Breathing, 1932 onward
The Breathing Photographs in this gallery breathe through time (diachronically) within Paul Julien’s legacy. Each of these breathing photographs consists of at least two manifestations of the same exposure. Such a manifestation may be a lantern slide, produced and used by Julien for his illustrated lectures, or a published version of a photograph from a book, journal, magazine or newspaper. All the materials were produced in direct relation to Paul Julien’s life and work. Some of them are part of the documents in the collection of the Nederlands Fotomuseum, others have been collected by me over time. In this category the expansion of the photographic moment provides insights into the choices made not only by Julien, but also by (other) editors towards an encounter with a particular audience.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2831/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2831</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Mabéa/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Mabia</a>] and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2848/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2848</a> [Nkoul Mabia boy Mabia], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Cameroon/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Cameroon</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1936/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1936</a>.
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In his 1936 notebook Paul Julien wriote: "In the flickering light of our torches I see a distinct and energetic face with a hautain expression. Mabéa greets me cordially but without the servility of the ordinary chiefs. A leader. [...]" PB 1936 PJU-2831 & 2848 Mabéa](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2022/04/PJU-2831-2848-Mabéa-1/506011759.jpg)
In his 1936 notebook Paul Julien wriote: "In the flickering light of our torches I see a distinct and energetic face with a hautain expression. Mabéa greets me cordially but without the servility of the ordinary chiefs. A leader. [...]"
![This Breathing Photograph consists of three exposures on 6x6 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a>
<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-921/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-921</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:landscapes/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Landscapes</a> Chela MuKubal - airplane], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Angola/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Angola</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1960/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1960</a>. PB 1960 PJU-921_10-11 & colour slide 2](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2022/04/PB-1960-PJU-921_10-11-colour-slide-2/3133012553.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of three exposures on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-570/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-570</a> [bird <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:mask/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">mask</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:self-portrait/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">me</a> with <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bobongo/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">bab.</a>] and a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:35mm%20color%20slides/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">35mm color slides</a>, produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Congo%20Brazzaville/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Congo Brazzaville</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1952/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1952</a>. PB 1952 PJU-570_1-3-4 + Color Slides](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/10/PB-1952-PJU-570_1-3-4-Colour-Slides-1/3945575688.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:35mm%20color%20slides/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">35mm color slide</a> and an exposure on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-636/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-636</a> [Road to <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Neghelli/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Neghelli</a>, mudd, phallus stones, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Borana%20well/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Borana well</a>], produced in<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Ethiopia/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Ethiopia</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1955/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1955</a>. PB 1955 636_9](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/10/PB-1955-636_9-1/3661630621.jpg)

We had little prints made to help our search. The print held by Elsadig comes from roll film PJU-314 and offers a view onto the Guba of Al Mahdi.


![This Breathing Photograph consists of a spread in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Kampvuren/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Campfires Along The Equator</a> captioned "<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Lobi/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Lobi</a> baby in reed cradle," and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2542/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2542</a> [Cradle Lobi], produced in present day Burkina Faso in 1935.
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The negative and the print in the book are not of the exact same moment, but they must have been produced not long after one another. SB KLDE_237](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/10/SB-KLDE_237-1/2595883599.jpg)
The negative and the print in the book are not of the exact same moment, but they must have been produced not long after one another.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra%20Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a>, and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2381/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2381</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bundu/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Bundu</a> Devil <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Baiima/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Gbaiima</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a>. SB LS pju-11135_doos 6](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/10/SB-LS-pju-11135_doos-6-1/1319452546.jpg)

This is only one of the examples in which Paul Julien's confusion on the names of the masks that were presented to him in Dambarra, despite the list he received from Paramount Chief Moriba Kargobai. He stands here next to Yavie, not Nawphalie.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of two exposures on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> PJU-540 [Ngoubou 2 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:portraits/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">portraits</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Babongo/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Babongo</a>] and a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:35mm%20color%20slides/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">35mm color slide</a>, produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1952/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1952</a>. PB 1952 PJU-540_8-9 + colour slide](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/10/PB-1952-PJU-540_8-9-colour-slide-1/1326557067.jpg)
![This is one of two Breathing Photographs that gives a panoramic impression of <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Dambarra/p:1">Dambarra</a>. The photographs were produced on August 8th or 9th <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a>, when Chief <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Moriba%20Kargobai/p:1">Moriba Kargobai</a> organised several dance performances on the occasion of Julien’s brief stay in his Selenga Chiefdom.
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In this Breathing Photograph different performers make their appearance. Note that Julien here, as elsewhere mixes up the Yavie mask (that he calls Yarvie) and Nawphalie.
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<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2269/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2269</a> [SL <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:dance/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Dance</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Yavie/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Yarvie</a> Dambarra], <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2263/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2263</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2289/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2289</a> [S L Dambarra, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Humoi/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Humoi</a>], <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2262/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2262</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:mask/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Devil</a> Dambarra], <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2357/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2357</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2384/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2384</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2379/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2379</a> [Yarvie devil Dambarra SL], <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2387/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2387</a> [Mende Dancer Sierra Leone], <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2375/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2375</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2373/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2373</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2304/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2304</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2389/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2389</a> [Mende], <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2332/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2332</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2380/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2380</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2341/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2341</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2363/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2363</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1475/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1475</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2335/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2335</a> (Mende), <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2284/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2284</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Karimou/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Karimou</a> + vriend SL 1934], <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2256/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2256</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bundu/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Bundu</a> girl], <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2265/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2265</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1420/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1420</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bundu/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Zande</a> girl <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra%20Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a>], <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2283/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2283</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Mende/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Mende</a>]. PB 1934 Dambarra Village Portrait](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/10/PB-1934-Dambarra-Village-Portrait-1/456360352.jpg)
In this Breathing Photograph different performers make their appearance. Note that Julien here, as elsewhere mixes up the Yavie mask (that he calls Yarvie) and Nawphalie.
PJU-2269 [SL Dance Yarvie Dambarra], PJU-2263, PJU-2289 [S L Dambarra, Humoi], PJU-2262 [Devil Dambarra], PJU-2357, PJU-2384, PJU-2379 [Yarvie devil Dambarra SL], PJU-2387 [Mende Dancer Sierra Leone], PJU-2375, PJU-2373, PJU-2304, PJU-2389 [Mende], PJU-2332, PJU-2380, PJU-2341, PJU-2363, PJU-1475, PJU-2335 (Mende), PJU-2284 [Karimou + vriend SL 1934], PJU-2256 [Bundu girl], PJU-2265, PJU-1420 [Zande girl Sierra Leone], PJU-2283 [Mende].
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Mount%20Kilimanjaro/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Kilimandzjaro</a>, and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1837/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1837</a> [Kilim. from Gillmanspoint], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Tanzania/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Tanganyika</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1933/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1933</a>.
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It looks like this is the most extreme crop among the lantern slides in the PJU collection. SB LS pju-10239_doos 2_Kilimandzjaro PJU-1837](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/10/SB-LS-pju-10239_doos-2_Kilimandzjaro-PJU-1837-1/3264456525.jpg)
It looks like this is the most extreme crop among the lantern slides in the PJU collection.


In the captions of the photographs the misunderstanding of the mask Julien identifies as Nawphalie is further disseminated.
Another caption places a photograph in Cameroon. In the register it is said to have been produced in Congo. The caption in the 1941 edition (27.000 copies sold) of the Dutch version of the book speaks of "West Equatorial Africa". A caption in the KRO Radio Magazine, dated 1938 mentions a particular river, but with a Dutch name, "De Beukrivier". The same river is also mentioned in a newspaper article reporting the safe return of Dr. Julien from his 1937. It seems safe to conclude that in this case the register is wrong, and the various publications of the picture point in the right direction.
The date of publication of this Italian edition is for the time being unknown but will be updated after diving into file with the documents related to translations of the book.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Ivory%20Coast/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Ivory Coast</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Lobi/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Lobi</a>, and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2509/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2509</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Peuhl/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Peuhl</a> at <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Kampti/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Kampti</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1935/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1935</a>. SB LS PJU-10736_doos 4_Ivoorkust Lobi_PJU-2509](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/SB-LS-PJU-10736_doos-4_Ivoorkust-Lobi_PJU-2509-1/484560205.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a spread in the book <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Kampvuren/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Campfires Along the Equator</a> with a photograph captioned "Silinsi of the Lobi tribe", and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2537/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2537</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:dance/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Dancers</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Lobi/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Lobi</a><a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bouroun/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Bouroun</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1935/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1935</a>. SB KLDE_188](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/SB-KLDE_188-1/2341930955.jpg)


The report was written in 2008 during an internship by Ben Krewinkel during for Flip Bool and titled "The dark continent imaged/imagined. Africa through the eye of Dutch photographer. Towards a publication and exhibition.
Flip Bool was the head of collections when Paul Julien's photographic legacy was placed in the care of the Nederlands Fotomuseum. Ben Krewinkel runs the Africa in the Photobook website.
The intended publication and exhibition did not materialise.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Rwenzori/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Ruwenzori</a>, and an exposure on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-308/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-308</a> [Ruwenzori] produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1947/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1947</a>. SB LS PJU-11677_doos 11_Ruwenzori PJU-308_5](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/SB-LS-PJU-11677_doos-11_Ruwenzori-PJU-308_5-1/2490073359.jpg)

The handwriting on the document states: "A small part of the St. Matthew's Gospel in the Bassa Dialect in Dr. Lewis' Bassa characters".
The handwriting appears to be Paul Julien's. He probably brought the booklet with him from his 1932 journey.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a spread in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Kampvuren/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Campfires Along the Equator</a> with a photograph captioned "view onto Freetown", and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2427/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2427</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Freetown/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Freetown</a>] that was produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra%20Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a>.
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A share of the picture in the Facebook group Old Photos of Sierra Leone led to various options of the view, ranging from "Red pump separating Wilberforce & Brookfields", "Kissy Brook" to "the Brook fed by upstream Falls off Mount Aureole, and showing a scenic view of part of Freetown’s East End and Central with their lovely coastal areas." SB KLDE_180 PJU-2427](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/SB-KLDE_180-PJU-2427-1/1077316489.jpg)
A share of the picture in the Facebook group Old Photos of Sierra Leone led to various options of the view, ranging from "Red pump separating Wilberforce & Brookfields", "Kissy Brook" to "the Brook fed by upstream Falls off Mount Aureole, and showing a scenic view of part of Freetown’s East End and Central with their lovely coastal areas."
![This Breathing Photograph consists of <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2190/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2190</a> [Chamber of Commerce <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Dakar/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Dakar</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1932/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1932</a>, and a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Senegal/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Senegal</a>. SB LS PJU-10030_Doos 1_Senegal](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/SB-LS-PJU-10030_Doos-1_Senegal-1/4182756733.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1627/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1627</a> [in the Erica forest, Ruwenzori], a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Rwenzori/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Ruwenzori</a>, the end paper of the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1997/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1997</a> edition of "<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Eeuwige%20Wildernis/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Eternal Wilderness</a>", and the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:book%20cover/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">cover</a> of a Dutch translation of Alejo Carpentier's "Los Pasos Perdidos" in a series of 20th century classics (published in 1999).
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PJU-1627 was produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1947/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1947</a>.
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Both books were published by Dutch publishing house <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Atlas/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Atlas</a>. The print on the end paper mirrors Julien's photograph, which results in a Rorsach like image.
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The English title of "Los Pasos Perdidos", originally published in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1953/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1953</a>, is "The Lost Steps". The Dutch title "Heimwee naar de jungle" would translate into something like "Homesick"- or "Longing for"- "the jungle". SB LS PJU-11676_doos 11_Ruwenzori-PJU-1627 +](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/SB-LS-PJU-11676_doos-11_Ruwenzori-PJU-1627-1-1/278582488.jpg)
PJU-1627 was produced in 1947.
Both books were published by Dutch publishing house Atlas. The print on the end paper mirrors Julien's photograph, which results in a Rorsach like image.
The English title of "Los Pasos Perdidos", originally published in 1953, is "The Lost Steps". The Dutch title "Heimwee naar de jungle" would translate into something like "Homesick"- or "Longing for"- "the jungle".
![This Breathing Photograph consists of 9x12 black and white <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2941/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2941</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2942/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2942</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2966/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2966</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2973/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2973</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2984-2/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2984-2</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-3071/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-3071</a>, and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:filmcolor/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">filmcolor</a> direct positive <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-NN1154/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-NN1154</a>, all ['pygmy' or <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:'pygmies'/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">'pygmies'</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Alimasi/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Alimasi</a>] produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Congo/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Congo</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1933/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1933</a>. PB 1933 Alimasi village portrait](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/PB-1933-Alimasi-village-portrait/3664530043.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of one exposure on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-84/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-84</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Nola/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Nola</a> Berberati - Ken[txou - Douala], and three on roll film <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-85/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-85</a> [village en route to Barumbi Lake, Jerry], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1938/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1938</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Cameroon/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Cameroon</a>.
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Jerry is mentioned in Julien's notebook as 'his boy'.
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It is unclear whether Julien was referring to Lake Barombi en Western Cameroon. He may have taken a trip there from Douala, but there is no lake on the film, nor any other mention of it.
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The text on the exposure on roll film PJU-84 translates as "Below: Martin (accidental encounter) with Jerry along the railway track 9-8." Jerry is identified with a J. above his head, Martin with an M. PB 1938 PJU-85_4-6 Jerry](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/PB-1938-PJU-85_4-6-Jerry-1/478226814.jpg)
Jerry is mentioned in Julien's notebook as 'his boy'.
It is unclear whether Julien was referring to Lake Barombi en Western Cameroon. He may have taken a trip there from Douala, but there is no lake on the film, nor any other mention of it.
The text on the exposure on roll film PJU-84 translates as "Below: Martin (accidental encounter) with Jerry along the railway track 9-8." Jerry is identified with a J. above his head, Martin with an M.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of four exposures on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-438/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-438</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Kereng/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Kereng</a> - <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Mpanyam/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Mpanyam</a>] and a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:35mm%20color%20slides/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">35mm color slides</a>, produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Northern%20Nigeria/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Northern Nigeria</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1950/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1950</a>. PB 1950 PJU-438_05-06 + Dia Doos 15-47](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/PB-1950-PJU-438_05-06-Dia-Doos-15-47-1/3645741131.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra%20Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a> and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> PJU-2425 [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:graveyard/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Graveyard</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Freetown/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Freetown</a>] produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a>. SB LS pju-11130_doos 6_Sierra Leone](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/SB-LS-pju-11130_doos-6_Sierra-Leone/2188444792.jpg)

![This Breathing Photograph consists of an announcement of a radio lecture devoted to Julien's ascend of mount Kilimanjaro in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:KRO%20Gids/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">the magazine of broadcaster KRO</a> and three 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Tanzania/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Tanganyika</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1933/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1933</a>. This <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a> lecture series is titled "Of strange lands and peoples".
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<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1820/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1820</a> [Masai Moshi], captioned "<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Masai/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Masai</a>, lion hunters at the foot of the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Mount%20Kilimanjaro/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Kilimanjaro</a>".
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<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1829/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1829</a> [Kilim. from Gillman's point], captioned "In the crater of the Kilimanjaro".
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<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1831/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1831</a> [Kilim. from Johannes peak]. captioned "Mount Kilimanjaro seen from the edge of the forest belt". SB MP 1934 1934-03-10 No.428 KRO Gids](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/SB-MP-1934-1934-03-10-No_428-KRO-Gids-1/848910467.jpg)
PJU-1820 [Masai Moshi], captioned "Masai, lion hunters at the foot of the Kilimanjaro".
PJU-1829 [Kilim. from Gillman's point], captioned "In the crater of the Kilimanjaro".
PJU-1831 [Kilim. from Johannes peak]. captioned "Mount Kilimanjaro seen from the edge of the forest belt".
![This Breathing Photograph consists of two exposures on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-442/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-442</a> [Kagoro - Jos - Yola] and two <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:35mm%20color%20slides/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">35mm color slides</a>, produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Northern%20Nigeria/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Northern Nigeria</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1950/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1950</a>. PB 1950 PJU-442 15b-20](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/PB-1950-PJU-442-15b-20-1/1946689899.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2691/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2691</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:'pygmies'/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Pygmies</a> crockery <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Etekessang/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Etekessang</a>] and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2804/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2804</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bibayak/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Bibayak</a> crockery etc Etekessang], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Cameroon/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Cameroon</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1936/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1936</a>. PB 1936 PJU-2804](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/PB-1936-PJU-2804-kopie-1/4031983101.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of to consecutive exposures on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-851/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-851</a> [Burg <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Doumé/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Doumé</a>, Mission, monkey, en route towards the south], produced in northern <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Cameroon/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Cameroon</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1959/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1959</a>.
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With Julien are German writer <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Kaufmann/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Herbert Kaufmann</a> (1920-1976), and anthropologist <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Huttenmeister/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Uta Huttenmeister</a> (1935-1995). PB 1959 PJU-851_11-12](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/PB-1959-PJU-851_11-12-1/2236899957.jpg)
With Julien are German writer Herbert Kaufmann (1920-1976), and anthropologist Uta Huttenmeister (1935-1995).
![This Breathing photograph consists of two <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:35mm%20color%20slides/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">35mm color slides</a> and three consecutive exposures on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-844/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-844</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:André%20Bangda/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">André Bangda</a>
<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Dimako/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Dimako</a> also see <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-848/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">848</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Cameroon/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Cameroon</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1959/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1959</a>. PB 1959 shoot with instrument PJU-844](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/PB-1959-shoot-with-instrument-PJU-844-1/847728673.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2078/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2078</a> [Wife of <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Tyerno%20Ibrahima/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Tyerno Ibrahima</a>], <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2121/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2121</a> [Wife of Tyerno Ibrah. Wife of Mamadou Alfa], <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2134/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2134</a> [Wife of <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Mamadou%20Alfa/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Mamadou Alfa</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Guinée%20Conakry/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Guinée</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1939/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1939</a>. PB 1939 PJU-2121 & 2134](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/09/PB-1939-PB-1939-PJU-2121-2134-1/2913246466.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of two exposures on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-636/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-636</a> [Road to <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Neghelli/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Neghelli</a>, mud, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:phallic%20stones/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">phallic stones</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Borana%20well/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Borana well</a>] and three <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:35mm%20color%20slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">35mm color slides</a>, produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Ethiopia/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Ethiopia</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1955/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1955</a>. PB 1955 PJU_636_11-12 & color slides](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/PB-1955-PJU_636_11-12-color-slides-1/1376947706.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of two exposures with the inscription "<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:porters/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">porters</a> near Youk" on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-126/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-126</a> [Negaré - <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Youkounkoun/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Youkounkoun</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Guinée%20Conakry/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Guinée Conakry</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1939/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1939</a>. PB 1939 PJU-126_5-6](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/PB-1939-PJU-126_5-6-1/111918957.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of three exposures on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-286/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-286</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Ngorongoro/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Ngorongoro</a> + <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Masai/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Masai</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1947/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1947</a>. PB 1947 PJU-286_1-3](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/PB-1947-PJU-286_1-3-1/2881278678.jpg)

![This Breathing Photograph consists of a spread in the book <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Cham/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sons of Cham</a> including a picture captioned "Woman of the Dorobbo tribe," and an exposure on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-289/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-289</a> [Shed <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:donkey/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Donkeys</a> - Inside Crater <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Ngorongoro/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Ng.</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Tanzania/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Tanganyika</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1947/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1947</a>. SB ZvCh p144- _PJU-289_10](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/SB-ZvCh-p144-_PJU-289_10-1/1462856791.jpg)
![This Breathing Photography consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab "Ituri Forest Negroes" and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-3018/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-3018</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Walesse/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Walesse</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Ituri%20Forest/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Ituri Forest</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1933/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1933</a>. SB LS pju-11423 - PJU_3018](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/SB-LS-pju-11423-PJU_3018-1/396047671.jpg)

Mr. Fentener van Vlissingen, director of the company, knew Paul Julien personally, and more than once helped him with contacts on the African continent. Decades after the objects depicted on this design were brought to the Netherlands, a Vlisco designer visited Julien for inspiration, finding it, obviously, in the Borfimah that was a souvenir from the 1934 journey to Sierra Leone, and the Leopard Skin that was given to Julien in Liberia in 1932.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1368/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1368</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1371/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1371</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1374/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1374</a> [Man - <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bibayak/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Baya</a> tribe, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:blacksmith/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">blacksmith</a> at Potopota near Nola], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Central%20African%20Republic/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Central African Republic</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1938/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1938</a>. PB 1938 PJU-1368_1371_1374](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/PB-1938-PJU-1368_1371_1374-1/35315707.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a montage of photocopies of the announcement of the second radio lecture series by Paul Julien devoted to his research trips to 'Equatorial Africa', titled "Between <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Nile/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Nile</a> and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Congo/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Congo</a> " in the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:KRO%Gids/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">broadcaster's magazine</a>, and the following 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a>. The magazine is dated December 2nd 1933, "mere weeks after Dr. Julien's return of his latest Africa expedition".
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The information in the register, if available, is provided between square brackets, followed, when relevant by the translated captions as provided by the magazine.
<br><br>
<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1561/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1561</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Omdurman/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Omdurman</a> Mahdi],
<br><br>
<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1570/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1570</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Shilluk/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Shilluk</a> at Lub], Shilluk of the Upper Nile,
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<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1579/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1579</a>, [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:market/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Market</a> Omdurman],
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<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1584/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1584</a> [], Derwishes at the Mahdi's grave in Omdurman
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<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1596/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1596</a> [Grave Mahdi Omdurman], Shilluk of the Upper Nile,
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<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1600/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1600</a> [Grave Mahdi Omdurman],
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<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-3153/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-3153</a> [], Arabs and Nubians at the market in Omdurman. SB MP 1933-12-02 No.414 KRO Gids](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/SB-MP-1933-12-02-No_414-KRO-Gids/907094664.jpg)
The information in the register, if available, is provided between square brackets, followed, when relevant by the translated captions as provided by the magazine.
PJU-1561 [Omdurman Mahdi],
PJU-1570 [Shilluk at Lub], Shilluk of the Upper Nile,
PJU-1579, [Market Omdurman],
PJU-1584 [], Derwishes at the Mahdi's grave in Omdurman
PJU-1596 [Grave Mahdi Omdurman], Shilluk of the Upper Nile,
PJU-1600 [Grave Mahdi Omdurman],
PJU-3153 [], Arabs and Nubians at the market in Omdurman.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of two exposures on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-958/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-958</a> [Information on film: information on film: 1-9 around Luanda, 10-12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Serpa%20Pinto/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Serpa Pinto</a>. Information in register: <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Angola/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Angola</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1962/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1962</a>, coast at Luanda - Serpa Pinto (Mulatto girl)] PB 1962 PJU-958_2-3](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/PB-1962-PJU-958_2-3-1/3184222178.jpg)

![This Breathing Photograph consists of <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1419/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1419</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bakah/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Bak</a>a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:'pygmies'/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">pygmy</a> child with amulet Etekessang], <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2739/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2739</a> [Baqa child at <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Etekessang/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Etekessang</a>] and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2877/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2877</a> [Child at Etekessang, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bibayak/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Bayak</a>] produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Cameroon/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Cameroon</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1936/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1936</a>. PB 1936 PJU-2739 2877](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/PB-1936-PJU-2739-2877-1/1645474673.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:book%20cover/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">cover of a book</a> titled "The Red Land of the Black Caryatides" by Belgian ethnographer Frans M. Olbrechts (1899-1958) and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1397/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1397</a> [Four <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Lobi/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Lobi</a> women carrying a burden on their heads], produced in in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Ivory%20Coast/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Ivory Coast</a>.
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From Wikipedia: "A caryatid is a sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support taking the place of a column or a pillar supporting an entablature on her head. The Greek term karyatides literally means "maidens of Karyai", an ancient town on the Peloponnese."
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The book was published in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1935/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1935</a>, the same year that Julien produced the photograph. It is a travelogue in which Olbrechts reports on a journey through West Africa with the goal of collecting objects of material culture, ranging from sculptures to jewels and fabrics, for Belgian collections. ScB 1936 Zwarte Kariatieden](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/ScB-1936-Zwarte-Kariatieden-1/1708571017.jpg)
From Wikipedia: "A caryatid is a sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support taking the place of a column or a pillar supporting an entablature on her head. The Greek term karyatides literally means "maidens of Karyai", an ancient town on the Peloponnese."
The book was published in 1935, the same year that Julien produced the photograph. It is a travelogue in which Olbrechts reports on a journey through West Africa with the goal of collecting objects of material culture, ranging from sculptures to jewels and fabrics, for Belgian collections.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:35mm%20color%20slides/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">35mm color slides</a> and one exposure on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-307/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-307</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Ituri%20Forest/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Ituri Forest</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1947/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1947</a>. 1947 PB_18-18_PJU-307](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/1947-PB_18-18_PJU-307-1/1166426946.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of and exposure on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-41/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-41</a> [Andjek - Bouéma - Bitande], and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2630/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2630</a> and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2689/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2689</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Niete%20river/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Niete river</a>] produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1937/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1937</a>. PB 1937 PJU-2630_2689](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/PB-1937-PJU-2630_2689-1/3159354500.jpg)

The photographs produced by Hofstra, currently partially reside with the Africa Studies Centre at Leiden University and partially with his daughter Marijke Gijswijt-Hofstra. They form an interesting collection in comparison to the photographs Julien produced in the same decade and the same part of Sierra Leone among the Mende.
Hofstra lived in a town named Panguma, further east than the area around Bo, through which Julien tracked. Hofstra's name does appear in Julien's notebook, but it seems like they did not meet because Hofstra was recovering from a severe case of black water fever.
While the two men both made use of their dr. title to gain the trust of the people they met by providing medical services, they had very different approaches to 'anthropology'. Hofstra was an ethnographer, conducting post-doc research for Bronislaw Malinowski, advocated thinking about encounters with 'others' as something that should be enriching for all involved. Julien was of a school with emphasis on physical anthropology, in which the field was primarily linked to, indeed, to biology and medicine.
The pdf of a book titled "Among the Mende in Sierra Leone: the letters from Sjoerd Hofstra (1934-36)", published in 2014 and edited by his daughter, can be downloaded here.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of, respectively, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:filmcolor/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">filmcolor</a> direct positive and black and white 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-3157/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-3157</a> and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2702/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2702</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Yokadouma/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Yokadouma</a> ], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1936/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1936</a>. PB 1938 PJU-2702-3157](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/PB-1938-PJU-2702-3157-1/3647746776.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1512/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1512</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2024/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2024</a> and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2026/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2026</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Ngorongoro/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Ngorongoro</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Tanzania/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Tanganyika</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1947/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1947</a>. PB 1947 Ngorongoro PJU-1512_2024](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/PB-1947-Ngorongoro-PJU-1512_2024-1/3058143556.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a spread in the book <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Cham/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sons of Cham</a> captioned "A part of Dr. Julien's <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:caravan/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">caravan</a> in the East African savanna", a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a>, and an exposure on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-292/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-292</a> [Oldeani - Mwanza], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Tanzania/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Tanganyika</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1947/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1947</a>. SB ZvCh p17- _PJU-292_8](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/SB-ZvCh-p17-_PJU-292_8/1838216449.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of two <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slides</a> stored behind the tab "<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Ituri Forest/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Ituri</a> Pygmies" and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2952/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2952</a> [Near <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Alimasi/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Alimasi</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:'pygmies'/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">pygmies</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1933/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1933</a>. SB LS pju-10381_doos 3_Itoeri Pygmeeën](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/SB-LS-pju-10381_doos-3_Itoeri-Pygmeeën-1/3775406662.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of two exposures on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-310/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-310</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Monigi/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Monigi</a> - <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Kinyamahura/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Kinyamahura</a>] and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1683/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1683</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:'pygmies'/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Pygmies</a> at Monigi], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1947/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1947</a>. PB 1947 Monigi PJU-301_6-7 1683](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/PB-1947-Monigi-PJU-301_6-7-1683-1/24930112.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of three exposures on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-804/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-804</a> [Foulbe at Maroua], and a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:35mm%20color%20slides/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">35mm color slide</a> produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Cameroon/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Cameroon</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1959/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1959</a>. PB 1959 PJU-804_5-7 + color slide](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/08/PB-1959-PJU-804_5-7-color-slide-1/1607911277.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1762/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1762</a> [My tent at Yaida] and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1765/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1765</a> [Staff <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Yaida/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Yaida</a> 1. Emilius 2. Lazarus 3. <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:self-portrait/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">me</a> 4 Issa (hunter)], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Tanzania/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Tanganyika</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1947/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1947</a>. PB 1947 PJU-1762 PJU-1765](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/PB-1947-PJU-1762-PJU-1765-1/1661782390.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra%20Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a> and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2409/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2409</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Freetown/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Freetown</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a>.
<br><br>
The picture shows some of Freetown's signature <a href=“https://archive.curbed.com/2016/1/19/10845478/board-house-freetown-sierra-leone-architecture-historic-preservation” target=“_blank">board houses</a>. SB LS pju-11119_doos 6_Sierra Leone](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/SB-LS-pju-11119_doos-6_Sierra-Leone-1/1312860812.jpg)
The picture shows some of Freetown's signature board houses.
![The Breathing Photograph consists of an exposure on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-531/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-531</a>, produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1952/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1952</a>, and its use with a brief article in local <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:newspaper/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">newspaper</a> for the The Hague area "Het Vaderland" [The Fatherland], published March 24th <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1966/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1966</a>.
<br><br>
Below are selected translated quotes from the text.
<br><br>
"We Spoke With ... <br>
Dr. Paul Julien <br>
Dark Africa
<br><br>
The house in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Wassenaar/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Wassenaar</a> is full of treasures of art. And since it is the home of a man had made so many journeys to Africa, one expects that these treasures are witnesses thereof. And they do - in a humble way. One finds many more specimens of old Spanish art, Balinese art, icons, crucifixes from Easter-Europe etcetera. [...]<br>
Mr. Julien has written four popular-scientific books about his African journeys: <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Kampvuren/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Campfires Along the Equator</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Eeuwige%20Wildernis/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">The Eternal Wilderness</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Pygmeeën/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Pygmies</a> (which he currently rewrites) and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Cham/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sons of Cham</a>. He has three more laid out. But let us forget Africa for a moment, including those territories in which the once extinct cannibalism has returned. [...]<br>
Soon he will retire. "I am weighed down by the richness of my fields of interest!" he says, and he has a point. "I hope to expand my anthropological studies in the future." SB MP 1966-03-09 Het Vaderland PJU-531_5](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/SB-MP-1966-03-09-Het-Vaderland-PJU-531_5-1/1768495293.jpg)
Below are selected translated quotes from the text.
"We Spoke With ...
Dr. Paul Julien
Dark Africa
The house in Wassenaar is full of treasures of art. And since it is the home of a man had made so many journeys to Africa, one expects that these treasures are witnesses thereof. And they do - in a humble way. One finds many more specimens of old Spanish art, Balinese art, icons, crucifixes from Easter-Europe etcetera. [...]
Mr. Julien has written four popular-scientific books about his African journeys: Campfires Along the Equator, The Eternal Wilderness, Pygmies (which he currently rewrites) and Sons of Cham. He has three more laid out. But let us forget Africa for a moment, including those territories in which the once extinct cannibalism has returned. [...]
Soon he will retire. "I am weighed down by the richness of my fields of interest!" he says, and he has a point. "I hope to expand my anthropological studies in the future."
![This Breathing photograph consists of a screenshot of the Breathing Photograph in the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Secondary%20Breathing/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Secondary Breathing</a> Category based on 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2412/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2412</a>, a 10000 Leone banknote including the famous <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Cotton%20Tree/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Cotton Tree</a> in central <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Freetown/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Freetown</a>, and a picture of the "Premisses of <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Reffel/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Dr. T.G. Reffel</a> at the corner of Percival and Siaka Stevens (formally [sic] <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Westmoreland%20street/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Westmoreland street</a>. The site is now occupied by Electricity House.
<br><br>
The Breathing Photograph was appropriated by a descendant of Dr. Reffel's and, in turn, shared with Rex Leopold, who is an active members of a <a href=“https://www.facebook.com/groups/612838496320447” target=“_blank">Facebook group</a> devoted to Old Photos of <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra%20Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a>. <br>
The following information was added to the photograph(s):
<br><br>
"As was hoped, a nephew to Dr Thomas George Reffell Jnr reacted to my RFI in a most educative telecon of a family home rich in history, although neither its year of construction nor the source of that smashing photograph could be pinpointed.
My understanding however is that the house was built by the Doctor’s father and namesake; the Hon Thomas George Reffell, a member of the then Legislative Council, who lived there with wife Winifred and their two children T.G.R Junior and daughter Ola, for “very many” years until his death in 1930.<br>
Dr T.G. Reffell ran a Surgery and Nursing Home adjacent to the building on Percival StreeT until his death in 1952.<br>
The property was eventually sold by the surviving family to the GoSL during the tenure of Alhaji Hon Dr Muhammad Sanusi Mustapha as Minister of Finance in the Cabinet of Prime Minister Sir Albert Margai (1964-67), which led to the building’s demolition followed by the construction of Electricity House before Sir Albert left office in 1967.<br>
The home’s marvellous interior as mentioned by Melbourne, was said to have indeed been akin to a premium class Museum, decorated with topnotch paintings, sculptures and sparkling artefacts signed by world renowned heavyweights."
<br><br>
In response to this Breathing Photograph the following comment was sent by Charles Nicol:
"Stunning pictures thank you! Dr T. G. Reffell's daughter Ola Bruce married Victor Bruce and moved to Trinidad where he was Governor of
the Central Bank at one time also. She was a gracious lady, a generous doyen of the arts for many years in Trinidad - and in Tobago,
her husband's family home." ScB 1934 PJU-2412](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/ScB-1934-PJU-2412-1/2477117276.jpg)
The Breathing Photograph was appropriated by a descendant of Dr. Reffel's and, in turn, shared with Rex Leopold, who is an active members of a Facebook group devoted to Old Photos of Sierra Leone.
The following information was added to the photograph(s):
"As was hoped, a nephew to Dr Thomas George Reffell Jnr reacted to my RFI in a most educative telecon of a family home rich in history, although neither its year of construction nor the source of that smashing photograph could be pinpointed. My understanding however is that the house was built by the Doctor’s father and namesake; the Hon Thomas George Reffell, a member of the then Legislative Council, who lived there with wife Winifred and their two children T.G.R Junior and daughter Ola, for “very many” years until his death in 1930.
Dr T.G. Reffell ran a Surgery and Nursing Home adjacent to the building on Percival StreeT until his death in 1952.
The property was eventually sold by the surviving family to the GoSL during the tenure of Alhaji Hon Dr Muhammad Sanusi Mustapha as Minister of Finance in the Cabinet of Prime Minister Sir Albert Margai (1964-67), which led to the building’s demolition followed by the construction of Electricity House before Sir Albert left office in 1967.
The home’s marvellous interior as mentioned by Melbourne, was said to have indeed been akin to a premium class Museum, decorated with topnotch paintings, sculptures and sparkling artefacts signed by world renowned heavyweights."
In response to this Breathing Photograph the following comment was sent by Charles Nicol: "Stunning pictures thank you! Dr T. G. Reffell's daughter Ola Bruce married Victor Bruce and moved to Trinidad where he was Governor of the Central Bank at one time also. She was a gracious lady, a generous doyen of the arts for many years in Trinidad - and in Tobago, her husband's family home."
![This Breathing Photograph consists of two <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:35mm%20color%20slides/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">35mm color slides</a>.
<br><br>
The man on the pictures can be identified because he and his young companion appear on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-848/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-848</a> and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-844/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-844</a> with a mention of his name in the description.
<br><br>
In <a href=“http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/10488/” target=“_blank">his thesis</a>, political scientist Gildas Allan Ofoulhast-Othamot mentions that <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bangda/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">André Bangda</a> "reigned over [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Dimako/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Dimako</a> for] a thirty years period [...] and became the facilitator of forest harvesting in the area."
<br><br>
In the notebook of his <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1959/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1959</a> trip Paul Julien mentions that "André Bangda has gathered all the pygmies around him. Reason they are gone everywhere. And origin of disagreements with other <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:chief/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">chiefs</a>." PB 1959 A.Bangda close up colour slides](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/PB-1959-A_Bangda-close-up-colour-slides-1/1042784898.jpg)
The man on the pictures can be identified because he and his young companion appear on roll films PJU-848 and PJU-844 with a mention of his name in the description.
In his thesis, political scientist Gildas Allan Ofoulhast-Othamot mentions that André Bangda "reigned over [Dimako for] a thirty years period [...] and became the facilitator of forest harvesting in the area."
In the notebook of his 1959 trip Paul Julien mentions that "André Bangda has gathered all the pygmies around him. Reason they are gone everywhere. And origin of disagreements with other chiefs."
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra%20Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a>, and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2320/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2320</a> [Coastal <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:market/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">market</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Freetown/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Freetown</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a>.
<br><br>
Responses to a share of the picture on Facebook led to the conclusion that this has to be a picture of King Jimmy market. SB LS pju-11131_doos 6_Sierra Leone](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/SB-LS-pju-11131_doos-6_Sierra-Leone-1/3183043809.jpg)
Responses to a share of the picture on Facebook led to the conclusion that this has to be a picture of King Jimmy market.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a spread in the book <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Kampvuren/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Campfires Along the Equator</a> with a photograph captioned "Creek in South Western <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Cameroon/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Cameroon</a>," <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2630/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2630</a> [Niete river], produced in 1936, and a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab 'Cameroon <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:landscapes/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">landscapes</a>' of the same picture. SB KLDE_253](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/SB-KLDE_253-1/1363379041.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a clip of 16mm film, and corresponding 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2386/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2386</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2425/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2425</a> and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2433/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-23433</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:graveyard/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">graveyard</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Freetown/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Freetown</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra%20Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a>.
<br><br>
Upon the handing over of Paul Julien's legacy to the Nederlands Fotomuseum in Rotterdam, the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:16mm/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">16mm</a> film material was passed on to Eye Filmmuseum in Amsterdam.
<br><br>
Digitalized versions of video reproductions made by <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Mr.%20Adolfse/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Mr. Adolfse</a> during the 1990s have given me the most comprehensive overview of this part of the collection. Eye Filmmuseum made reconstructions of the fully edited films that include titles on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Liberia/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Liberia</a>, the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1933/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1933</a> journey down the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Nile/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Nile</a>, and "<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bibayak/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Bibayak</a>".
<br><br>
Included in the files Mr. Adolfse shared with me were "an amateur copy" and a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Betacam/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Betacam</a> one. In 2018 the Betacam tapes were handed over by Mr. Adolfse to the Nederlands Fotomuseum. It took me a while to find a good opportunity to see the tapes and add, yet another, reproductive layer to them that made it possible to make film fragments and their corresponding photographs breath again.
<br><br>
While it could be argued that what happens here is <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Primary%20Breathing/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Primary Breathing</a>, I place these clips in the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Tertiary%20Breathing/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Tertiary Breathing</a> category because of the stages in their making and my role in their current appearance. TB F-1934 PJU-2433 PJU-2386 PJU-2425](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/TB-F-1934-PJU-2433-PJU-2386-PJU-2425-1/2996367164.jpg)
Upon the handing over of Paul Julien's legacy to the Nederlands Fotomuseum in Rotterdam, the 16mm film material was passed on to Eye Filmmuseum in Amsterdam.
Digitalized versions of video reproductions made by Mr. Adolfse during the 1990s have given me the most comprehensive overview of this part of the collection. Eye Filmmuseum made reconstructions of the fully edited films that include titles on Liberia, the 1933 journey down the Nile, and "Bibayak".
Included in the files Mr. Adolfse shared with me were "an amateur copy" and a Betacam one. In 2018 the Betacam tapes were handed over by Mr. Adolfse to the Nederlands Fotomuseum. It took me a while to find a good opportunity to see the tapes and add, yet another, reproductive layer to them that made it possible to make film fragments and their corresponding photographs breath again.
While it could be argued that what happens here is Primary Breathing, I place these clips in the Tertiary Breathing category because of the stages in their making and my role in their current appearance.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a copy of an interview in local weekly (Sunday) <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:newspaper/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">paper</a> "De Rotterdammer" of November 7th <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1959/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1959</a> titled 'Dr. Paul Julien twenty times to Africa for science' with the quote "One tribe alone would take a lifetime" as subtitle, and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2842/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2842</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Yokadouma/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Yokadouma</a> dwarfs], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1936/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1936</a>.
<br><br>
The publication includes four portraits made, apparently, during the interview in Paul Julien's <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Wassenaar/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">home in Wassenaar</a>. On one of them <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Elly%20Julien/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">his wife Elly</a> is behind the a grand piano. The picture is captioned with “this is how the scientific articles and the more popular books for the general audience in casa Julien come to being. ‘I always have to play the piano as he writes,’ his wife states. Otherwise it just won’t work.” SB NP 1959 PJU-2842](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/SB-NP-1959-PJU-2842-1/1155554591.jpg)
The publication includes four portraits made, apparently, during the interview in Paul Julien's home in Wassenaar. On one of them his wife Elly is behind the a grand piano. The picture is captioned with “this is how the scientific articles and the more popular books for the general audience in casa Julien come to being. ‘I always have to play the piano as he writes,’ his wife states. Otherwise it just won’t work.”
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a>, and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2379/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2379</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Yavie/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Yarvie</a> devil <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Dambarra/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Dambarra</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a>. SB LS pju-11051_doos 6_Sierra Leone](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/SB-LS-pju-11051_doos-6_Sierra-Leone-1/1116472758.jpg)

These photographs were produced in, respectively, 1952 and 1936.

![This Breathing Photograph consists of a detail of an undated magazine publication titled "A Dutch warehouse on the coast of West Africa" from Paul Julien's personal document collection, and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1894/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1894</a> [Dutch Consulate <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Monrovia/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Monrovia</a>] produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1932/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1932</a>.
<br><br>
The photograph in the magazine is captioned "The "Dutch House" on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Ashmun%20Street/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Ashmun Street</a> where a O.A.C. employees live and also the Dutch Consulate-General is housed". O.A.C. stands for East [Oost] African Compagny. ScB PJU-1894-_MG_0452](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/ScB-PJU-1894-_MG_0452-1/877084360.jpg)
The photograph in the magazine is captioned "The "Dutch House" on Ashmun Street where a O.A.C. employees live and also the Dutch Consulate-General is housed". O.A.C. stands for East [Oost] African Compagny.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:postcard/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">postcard</a>, a digital collage by Babak Fakhamzadeh of the Wesley Methodist <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:church/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">church</a> published on his website <a href=“https://babakfakhamzadeh.com/once-salone-freetowns-then-and-now/” target=“_blank">Once Salone</a>
, a digital copy of the postcard Fakhamzadeh used for his collage, and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2440/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2440</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Freetown/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Freetown</a> near Konde], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a>. ScB 1934 PJU-2440](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/ScB-1934-PJU-2440/1071241693.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a clipping the September 1st <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1997/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1997</a> edition of Dutch regional <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:newspaper/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">newspaper</a> Haagsche Post, with an exposure on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-567/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-567</a> [Fam Clerc and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:self-portrait/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">I</a>, with <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Babendzélé/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Bab.</a Dyéngé], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1952/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1952</a>.
<br><br>
The article appeared on the occasion of the new edition of Paul Julien's third book titled <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Pygmeeën/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Pygmeeën</a> and first published in 1953. Its headline is "A discoverer of what is now over" and it includes a portrait made in the office of Julien's <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:home in Wassenaar/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">home in Wassenaar</a> produced by Maurice Nelwan.
<br><br>
The picture on the left is captioned "A photograph from over fifty years ago, with <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:'pygmies'/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Pygmies</a> in Africa." SB NP 1997-11-01_Haagsche Courant](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/SB-NP-1997-11-01_Haagsche-Courant-1/2877557714.jpg)
The article appeared on the occasion of the new edition of Paul Julien's third book titled Pygmeeën and first published in 1953. Its headline is "A discoverer of what is now over" and it includes a portrait made in the office of Julien's home in Wassenaar produced by Maurice Nelwan.
The picture on the left is captioned "A photograph from over fifty years ago, with Pygmies in Africa."
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a>
stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra%20Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a>, and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2440/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2440</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Freetown/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Freetown</a> near Konde], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a>.
<br><br>
The main building in the picture is the Wesley Methodist <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:church/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">church</a>, located on Lightfoot Boston Street. SB LS pju-11126_doos 6_Sierra Leone](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/SB-LS-pju-11126_doos-6_Sierra-Leone-1/660911764.jpg)
The main building in the picture is the Wesley Methodist church, located on Lightfoot Boston Street.

Elsadig Mohamed, the photographer who I worked with in Sudan, and I looked through the guest books still kept in the guba, but could not find Julien's signature.
The interior and view is of the house of one of the descendants of Muhammad Ahmad bin Abd Allah, aka Al-Mahdi who had himself been collecting historical materials about his ancestor's grave and was therefore highly interested in the photographs in Paul Julien's legacy.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a clip of 16mm film, and corresponding 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2309/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2309</a> and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2336/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2336</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Freetown/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Freetown</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra%20Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a>.
<br><br>
Upon the handing over of Paul Julien's legacy to the Nederlands Fotomuseum in Rotterdam, the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:16mm/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">16mm</a> film material was passed on to Eye Filmmuseum in Amsterdam.
<br><br>
Digitalized versions of video reproductions made by <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Mr.%20Adolfse/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Mr. Adolfse</a> during the 1990s have given me the most comprehensive overview of this part of the collection. Eye Filmmuseum made reconstructions of the fully edited films that include titles on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Liberia/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Liberia</a>, the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1933/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1933</a> journey down the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Nile/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Nile</a>, and "<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bibayak/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Bibayak</a>".
<br><br>
Included in the files Mr. Adolfse shared with me were "an amateur copy" and a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Betacam/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Betacam</a> one. In 2018 the Betacam tapes were handed over by Mr. Adolfse to the Nederlands Fotomuseum. It took me a while to find a good opportunity to see the tapes and add, yet another, reproductive layer to them that made it possible to make film fragments and their corresponding photographs breath again.
<br><br>
While it could be argued that what happens here is <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Primary%20Breathing/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Primary Breathing</a>, I place these clips in the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Tertiary%20Breathing/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Tertiary Breathing</a> category because of the stages in their making and my role in their current appearance. TB F-1934 PJU-2309 PJU-2336](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/TB-F-1934-PJU_2309-PJU-2336/4188699511.jpg)
Upon the handing over of Paul Julien's legacy to the Nederlands Fotomuseum in Rotterdam, the 16mm film material was passed on to Eye Filmmuseum in Amsterdam.
Digitalized versions of video reproductions made by Mr. Adolfse during the 1990s have given me the most comprehensive overview of this part of the collection. Eye Filmmuseum made reconstructions of the fully edited films that include titles on Liberia, the 1933 journey down the Nile, and "Bibayak".
Included in the files Mr. Adolfse shared with me were "an amateur copy" and a Betacam one. In 2018 the Betacam tapes were handed over by Mr. Adolfse to the Nederlands Fotomuseum. It took me a while to find a good opportunity to see the tapes and add, yet another, reproductive layer to them that made it possible to make film fragments and their corresponding photographs breath again.
While it could be argued that what happens here is Primary Breathing, I place these clips in the Tertiary Breathing category because of the stages in their making and my role in their current appearance.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a spread in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Cham/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sons of Cham</a> containing a picture captioned "<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Masai/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Masai</a> Moran (<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:warrior/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">warrior</a>)", and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1821/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1821</a> [Masai <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Moshi/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Moshi</a>] produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1933/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1933</a>. SB ZvCh p36- _PJU-1821](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/SB-ZvCh-p36-_PJU-1821-1/3934373014.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra%20Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a>, and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2261/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2261</a> [bridge or bush SL], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a>. SB LS pju-11123_doos 6_Sierra Leone_Breathing](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/SB-LS-pju-11123_doos-6_Sierra-Leone_Breathing-1/3338838177.jpg)

Philip Nallie was the last born son of Jacob Nallie, the man on the print.
At the time Paul Julien produced the portrait of Jacob Nallie in Sierra Leone in 1934 Jacob Nallie was the Paramount Chief. He mentions the photograph in his notebook, but the negative is in the register only identified as 'Mende'.
![This Breathing photograph consists of the title page of one of the publication in Belgian magazine <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Ons%20Land/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Ons Land</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1932/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1932</a> titled "Through the black republic, as a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:serological%20research/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">blood hunter</a> through <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Liberia/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Liberia</a>", two <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slides</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Senegal/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Senegal</a>, and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2188/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2188</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Dakar/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Dakar</a>], produced, also, in 1932.
<br><br>
The photograph is captioned "Dakar, capital of French West Africa, where Drs. Julien ended his track through the black continent. The picture shows the palace of the governor near Dakar." SB MP 1932 PJU-2188 ons land, nr. 12 blz.330](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/SB-MP-1932-PJU-2188-ons-land-nr_-12-blz_330-1/2924357300.jpg)
The photograph is captioned "Dakar, capital of French West Africa, where Drs. Julien ended his track through the black continent. The picture shows the palace of the governor near Dakar."
![The Breathing photograph consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra%20Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a>, and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2371/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2371</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:leper/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Leper</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bo/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Bo</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a>. SB LS pju-11055_doos 6_Sierra Leone](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/SB-LS-pju-11055_doos-6_Sierra-Leone_Breathing-1/2350499752.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a clip of 16mm film, and corresponding 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2324/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2324</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2325/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2325</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Tabé/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Tabe</a> near <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Gbaiima/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Baiima</a>], <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2382/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2382</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:chief/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Chief</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Nuyaba/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Nuyaba</a>] Baiima] produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra%20Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a>.
<br><br>
Upon the handing over of Paul Julien's legacy to the Nederlands Fotomuseum in Rotterdam, the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:16mm/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">16mm</a> film material was passed on to Eye Filmmuseum in Amsterdam.
<br><br>
Digitalized versions of video reproductions made by <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Mr.%20Adolfse/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Mr. Adolfse</a> during the 1990s have given me the most comprehensive overview of this part of the collection. Eye Filmmuseum made reconstructions of the fully edited films that include titles on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Liberia/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Liberia</a>, the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1933/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1933</a> journey down the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Nile/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Nile</a>, and "<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bibayak/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Bibayak</a>".
<br><br>
Included in the files Mr. Adolfse shared with me were "an amateur copy" and a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Betacam/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Betacam</a> one. In 2018 the Betacam tapes were handed over by Mr. Adolfse to the Nederlands Fotomuseum. It took me a while to find a good opportunity to see the tapes and add, yet another, reproductive layer to them that made it possible to make film fragments and their corresponding photographs breath again.
<br><br>
While it could be argued that what happens here is <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Primary%20Breathing/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Primary Breathing</a>, I place these clips in the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Tertiary%20Breathing/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Tertiary Breathing</a> category because of the stages in their making and my role in their current appearance. TB F PJU-2324 PJU-2325 PJU-2382](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/2021-06-14-PJU-2324-PJU-2325-PJU_2382-1/1896482927.jpg)
Upon the handing over of Paul Julien's legacy to the Nederlands Fotomuseum in Rotterdam, the 16mm film material was passed on to Eye Filmmuseum in Amsterdam.
Digitalized versions of video reproductions made by Mr. Adolfse during the 1990s have given me the most comprehensive overview of this part of the collection. Eye Filmmuseum made reconstructions of the fully edited films that include titles on Liberia, the 1933 journey down the Nile, and "Bibayak".
Included in the files Mr. Adolfse shared with me were "an amateur copy" and a Betacam one. In 2018 the Betacam tapes were handed over by Mr. Adolfse to the Nederlands Fotomuseum. It took me a while to find a good opportunity to see the tapes and add, yet another, reproductive layer to them that made it possible to make film fragments and their corresponding photographs breath again.
While it could be argued that what happens here is Primary Breathing, I place these clips in the Tertiary Breathing category because of the stages in their making and my role in their current appearance.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of two <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:six%20by%20nine/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">six by nine</a> exposures on film <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-142/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-142</a> [Wadi Halfa - <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Khartoum/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Khartoum</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sudan/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sudan</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1933/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1933</a>. PB 1933 PJU-142_1_4](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/PB-1933-PJU-142_1_4-1/3997259760.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a spread from the book <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Cham/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sons of Cham</a> with a photograph captioned "Elderly Masai woman with head chain and copper surutaya ear hangers", a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Masai/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Masai</a>, and an exposure on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-286/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-286</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Ngorongoro/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Ngorongoro</a> + Masai] produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1947/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1947</a>. SB ZvCh p128- _PJU-286_3](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/SB-ZvCh-p128-_PJU-286_3-1/3669434557.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra%20Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a> and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2346/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2346</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Freetown/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Freetown</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a>. SB LS PJU-2346](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/SB-LS-PJU-2346-1/264434060.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of the following fifteen exposures, produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1933/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1933</a>.
<br><br>
9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a>:
<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2943/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2943</a> [pygmy d<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:dance/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">dance</a> Alimasi]<br>
<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2947/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2947</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2963/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2963</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2994/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2994</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:'pygmies'/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">pygmies</a> Alimasi]<br>
<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2981/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2981</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Alimasi/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Alimasi</a>]
<br><br>
<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:six%20by%20nine/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">six by nine</a> negatives:
<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-3020/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-3020</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-3022/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-3022</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-3026/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-3026</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-3030/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-3030</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-3034/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-3034</a>, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-3035/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-3035</a> [pygmies Alimasi], <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-3042/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-3042</a> [dance Alimasi]<br>
<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-3028/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-3028</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Efe/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Efé</a> hunter with <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:bow%20and%20arrow/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">bow and arrow</a>, Democratic Republic of <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Congo/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Congo</a>]<br>
<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-3032/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-3032</a> [Elderly pygmies] PB 1933 PJU-3035 Alimasi](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/PB-1933-PJU-3035-Alimasi-1/476617487.jpg)
9x12 sheet film: PJU-2943 [pygmy ddance Alimasi]
PJU-2947, PJU-2963, PJU-2994 [pygmies Alimasi]
PJU-2981 [Alimasi]
six by nine negatives: PJU-3020, PJU-3022, PJU-3026, PJU-3030, PJU-3034, PJU-3035 [pygmies Alimasi], PJU-3042 [dance Alimasi]
PJU-3028 [Efé hunter with bow and arrow, Democratic Republic of Congo]
PJU-3032 [Elderly pygmies]
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a review of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:illustrated%20lecture/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lecture</a> held November 14th <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1956/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1956</a>, and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2783/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2783</a> and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2938/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2938</a>, produced respectively, in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1936/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1936</a> and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1933/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1933</a>.
<br><br>
The lecture was held for the leisure club of <a href=“https://www.nam.nl/english-information.html” target=“_blank">NAM</a> staff in Rijswijk. NAM is the company that is mining petroleum in the Netherlands in Rijswijk, from where, according to Wikipedia, an oil field was mined from 1954 until 1994. The text is published in a magazine titled "Our Company".
<br><br>
The review starts like this:
"It was a truly commendable thought of the board of our leisure club to invite Dr. Paul Julien to present us with a lecture illustrated with projected photographs and films. Dr. Julien is without a doubt known by all of us, either through his books or through his <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:KRO%20Gids/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">radio causeries</a>."
<br><br>
The focus of the lecture was on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:'pygmies'/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">'pygmies'</a>, also the title of Julien's most recent book at te time. Julien is appraised as a selfless man helping pygmies and researching them and their religion. He is mentioned as having undertaken 19 anthropological expeditions through "Central Africa" at the time. The following paragraph describes the lecture:
<br><br>
"After the lights in the hall were switched off, one picture after the other appeared on the screen. In a captivating, often humorous way the narrator gave and explanation with the different images."
<br><br>
The reviewer continuous in a tone similar to the one deployed by Julien himself in his radio lectures:
"We tracked with him through the dense forest and swamps to discover a trace of the pygmies. It is not easy to gain the trust of these primitive people. The speaker had himself experienced the "age of the small mirrors", but currently the pygmies are no longer to be satisfied with those. Currently one asks for a machete or something like that. [...]"
<br><br>
PJU-2938 is here captioned as "Drummer of the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Efe/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Efé</a> Pygmy tribe." PJU-2783 as "Elderly Pygmy woman of the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bakah/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Bakah</a> Tribe (Southern <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Cameroon/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Cameroon</a>)."<br>
Both are "From Dr. Paul Julien's book <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Pygmeeën/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Pygmeeën</a>". SB O Pygmeeën Lecture Review](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/07/SB-O-Pygmeeën-Lecture-Review-1/1080323299.jpg)
The lecture was held for the leisure club of NAM staff in Rijswijk. NAM is the company that is mining petroleum in the Netherlands in Rijswijk, from where, according to Wikipedia, an oil field was mined from 1954 until 1994. The text is published in a magazine titled "Our Company".
The review starts like this: "It was a truly commendable thought of the board of our leisure club to invite Dr. Paul Julien to present us with a lecture illustrated with projected photographs and films. Dr. Julien is without a doubt known by all of us, either through his books or through his radio causeries."
The focus of the lecture was on 'pygmies', also the title of Julien's most recent book at te time. Julien is appraised as a selfless man helping pygmies and researching them and their religion. He is mentioned as having undertaken 19 anthropological expeditions through "Central Africa" at the time. The following paragraph describes the lecture:
"After the lights in the hall were switched off, one picture after the other appeared on the screen. In a captivating, often humorous way the narrator gave and explanation with the different images."
The reviewer continuous in a tone similar to the one deployed by Julien himself in his radio lectures: "We tracked with him through the dense forest and swamps to discover a trace of the pygmies. It is not easy to gain the trust of these primitive people. The speaker had himself experienced the "age of the small mirrors", but currently the pygmies are no longer to be satisfied with those. Currently one asks for a machete or something like that. [...]"
PJU-2938 is here captioned as "Drummer of the Efé Pygmy tribe." PJU-2783 as "Elderly Pygmy woman of the Bakah Tribe (Southern Cameroon)."
Both are "From Dr. Paul Julien's book Pygmeeën".
![This Breathing Photograph consists of ten exposures on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-520/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-520</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:flash/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Flash</a> photographs <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Babongo/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Babongo</a> near <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sibiti/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sibiti</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:finger%20printing/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">finger prints</a>] and five exposures on roll film PJU-521 [Babongo <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:portraits/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">portraits</a> (a.o. with little dog)], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Congo%20Brazzaville/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Congo Brazzaville</a> in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1952/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1952</a>. PB 1952 PJU-520_2-12](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/06/PB-1952-PJU-520_2-12-1/946782361.jpg)

![This Breathing Photograph consists of photographs produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:2019/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">2019</a>, and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2201/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2201</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Gorée/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Gorée</a>], <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2203/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2203</a> [Gorée near <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Dakar/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Dakar</a>] and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2204/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2204</a> [Gorée] produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1932/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1932</a>.
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<a href="//www.judithquax.com/”" target="“_blank”" rel="noopener">Judith</a> is a Dutch photographer. In 2019 she lived on the island of Goré with her son. I asked them whether they were up for a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:re-photography/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">re-photography</a> mission with the photographs made by Paul Julien in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Senegal/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Senegal</a>.
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They were. This led to several Breathing Photographs.
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In addition, <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Judith%20Quax/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Judith Quax</a> told me, the searching for the right locations resulted in valuable engagements and conversations with people that otherwise would never have taken place. TB 2019 PJU-2201-2203-2204](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/06/TB-2019-PJU-2201-2203-2204b/2859671319.jpg)
Judith is a Dutch photographer. In 2019 she lived on the island of Goré with her son. I asked them whether they were up for a re-photography mission with the photographs made by Paul Julien in Senegal.
They were. This led to several Breathing Photographs.
In addition, Judith Quax told me, the searching for the right locations resulted in valuable engagements and conversations with people that otherwise would never have taken place.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a clip of 16mm film, and 9x12 sheet film <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1990/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1990</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Krutown/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Krutown</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Monrovia/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Monrovia</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1932/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1932</a>
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Upon the handing over of Paul Julien's legacy to the Nederlands Fotomuseum in Rotterdam, the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:16mm/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">16mm</a> film material was passed on to Eye Filmmuseum in Amsterdam.
<br><br>
Digitalized versions of video reproductions made by <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Mr.%20Adolfse/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Mr. Adolfse</a> during the 1990s have given me the most comprehensive overview of this part of the collection. Eye Filmmuseum made reconstructions of the fully edited films that include titles on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Liberia/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Liberia</a>, the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1933/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1933</a> journey down the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Nile/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Nile</a>, and "<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bibayak/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Bibayak</a>".
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Included in the files Mr. Adolfse shared with me were "an amateur copy" and a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Betacam/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Betacam</a> one. In 2018 the Betacam tapes were handed over by Mr. Adolfse to the Nederlands Fotomuseum. It took me a while to find a good opportunity to see the tapes and add, yet another, reproductive layer to them that made it possible to make film fragments and their corresponding photographs breath again.
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While it could be argued that what happens here is <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Primary%20Breathing/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Primary Breathing</a>, I place these clips in the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Tertiary%20Breathing/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Tertiary Breathing</a> category because of the stages in their making and my role in their current appearance. TB F-1932 PJU-1990](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/06/TB-F-1932-PJU-1990-1/1544494909.jpg)
Upon the handing over of Paul Julien's legacy to the Nederlands Fotomuseum in Rotterdam, the 16mm film material was passed on to Eye Filmmuseum in Amsterdam.
Digitalized versions of video reproductions made by Mr. Adolfse during the 1990s have given me the most comprehensive overview of this part of the collection. Eye Filmmuseum made reconstructions of the fully edited films that include titles on Liberia, the 1933 journey down the Nile, and "Bibayak".
Included in the files Mr. Adolfse shared with me were "an amateur copy" and a Betacam one. In 2018 the Betacam tapes were handed over by Mr. Adolfse to the Nederlands Fotomuseum. It took me a while to find a good opportunity to see the tapes and add, yet another, reproductive layer to them that made it possible to make film fragments and their corresponding photographs breath again.
While it could be argued that what happens here is Primary Breathing, I place these clips in the Tertiary Breathing category because of the stages in their making and my role in their current appearance.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slide</a> stored behind the tab <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Liberia/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Liberia</a>, and 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2012/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2012</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:missionary/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">mission</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Monrovia/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Monrovia</a>], produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1932/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1932</a>. SB LS PJU-11044_doos 6](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/06/SB-LS-PJU-11044_doos-6-1/2215142475.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of a film clip recorded in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:2020/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">2020</a> at the cemetery next to Christ the King school, and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-2416/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-2416</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Graveyard/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Graveyard</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bo/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Bo</a> Mission <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Father%20Scheer/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Father Scheer</a>].
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It was not possible to identify the graves shown on the photograph. The workers on site pointed us towards the grave of Father Scheer himself. The inscription tells me that he lived in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Sierra Leone/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Sierra Leone</a> for two decades after he helped Paul Julien, August <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1934/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1934</a>. TB 2020 PJU-2416](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/06/TB-2020-PJU-2416-1/1408498230.jpg)
It was not possible to identify the graves shown on the photograph. The workers on site pointed us towards the grave of Father Scheer himself. The inscription tells me that he lived in Sierra Leone for two decades after he helped Paul Julien, August 1934.

The title at the beginning of the Breathing Photograph translates into "Liberia, from Monrovia to the Niger. Recorded by Drs. Paul Julien."
Upon the handing over of Paul Julien's legacy to the Nederlands Fotomuseum in Rotterdam, the 16mm film material was passed on to Eye Filmmuseum in Amsterdam.
Digitalized versions of video reproductions made by Mr. Adolfse during the 1990s have given me the most comprehensive overview of this part of the collection. Eye Filmmuseum made reconstructions of the fully edited films that include titles on Liberia, the 1933 journey down the Nile, and "Bibayak".
Included in the files Mr. Adolfse shared with me were "an amateur copy" and a Betacam one. In 2018 the Betacam tapes were handed over by Mr. Adolfse to the Nederlands Fotomuseum. It took me a while to find a good opportunity to see the tapes and add, yet another, reproductive layer to them that made it possible to make film fragments and their corresponding photographs breath again.
While it could be argued that what happens here is Primary Breathing, I place these clips in the Tertiary Breathing category because of the stages in their making and my role in their current appearance.

Mr. Adolfse told me that he knew this had to be the cover the moment he laid eyes on the picture and that the publisher had immediately agreed.

During screenings of the film in Sierra Leone in 2020, viewers informed me that the man is chasing away birds from the rice fields with a particular type of slingshot and stones.
Upon the handing over of Paul Julien's legacy to the Nederlands Fotomuseum in Rotterdam, the 16mm film material was passed on to Eye Filmmuseum in Amsterdam.
Digitalized versions of video reproductions made by Mr. Adolfse during the 1990s have given me the most comprehensive overview of this part of the collection. Eye Filmmuseum made reconstructions of the fully edited films that include titles on Liberia, the 1933 journey down the Nile, and "Bibayak".
Included in the files Mr. Adolfse shared with me were "an amateur copy" and a Betacam one. In 2018 the Betacam tapes were handed over by Mr. Adolfse to the Nederlands Fotomuseum. It took me a while to find a good opportunity to see the tapes and add, yet another, reproductive layer to them that made it possible to make film fragments and their corresponding photographs breath again.
While it could be argued that what happens here is Primary Breathing, I place these clips in the Tertiary Breathing category because of the stages in their making and my role in their current appearance.
![This Breathing photograph consists of 9x12 <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:sheet%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">sheet films</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1396/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1396</a>and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1774/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1774</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:maniok/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Maniok</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:caravan/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">caravan</a> at Potopoto], probably produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1938/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1938</a> in what is now the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Central520African%20Republic/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Central African Republic</a>. PB 1938 PJU-1396_1774](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/06/PB-1938-PJU-1396_1774-1/4252836022.jpg)
![This Breathing Photograph consists of the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:dust%20jacket/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">dust jacket</a> to <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Kampvuren/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Campfires Along The Equator</a> in the editions published by <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Scheltens%20Giltay/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Scheltens & Giltay</a> (between <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1953/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1953</a> and <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1959/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1959</a>), and a pictures published in all the editions with the caption "Dr. Julien with two <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:'pygmies'/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">pygmy</a> children of the Motaba river".
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The negative of this picture is <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:no%20negative/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">no longer available</a>, but <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-1442/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-1442</a> [<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Liganga/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Liganga</a> peace treaty] must have been made moments earlier or later. SB Kampvuren Langs De Evenaar](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/06/SB-Kampvuren-Langs-De-Evenaar-1/1832468912.jpg)
The negative of this picture is no longer available, but PJU-1442 [Liganga peace treaty] must have been made moments earlier or later.
![This Breathing Photograph consists of an undated <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:announcement/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">announcement</a> of an <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:illustrated%20lecture/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">illustrated lecture</a> concerning "The primitive mountain tribes of the <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Bauchi%20Plateau/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Bauchi Plateau</a>" and and exposure on <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:roll%20film/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">roll film</a> <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:PJU-428/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">PJU-428</a> [market at <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:Manok/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">Manok</a>] produced in <a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:1950/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">1950</a>.
From the documents in the PJU collection it looks like Paul Julien wrote most of his lecture announcements himself. In this case an announcement for one lecture, is used for another one. The suggested edits include replacing "display of slides" by "<a href="http://pju.bridginghumanities.com/tag-search-results/?categorie=$1#79585/f:lantern slide/p:1" onclick="window.location.reload()">lantern slides</a>" [literally here light-images], "primitive mountain tribes" by "savages", and correcting the spelling of Julien's last name. SB LA Bauchi Plateau VU](https://pju.bridginghumanities.com/wp-content/uploads/cache/2021/06/SB-LA-Bauchi-Plateau-VU-1/206432991.jpg)